The+Art+of+the+Renaissance



**Brunelleschi- Sacrifice of Isaac(1401-1402)** This was designed for a competition for the baptistry doors to Florence Cathedral. Brunelleschi lost to Ghiberti. The judges liked Ghiberti's better than Brunelleschi's because Brunelleschi didn't have as much seperation between the animals and the sacfrifice. Isaac also doesn't look realistic. He has a twisted body that looks unnatural. The angel is also coming from across instead of above like Ghiberti's panel. Ghiberti had more of a significance to the actual scripture and more accurate design comnpared to Brunelleschi's, and that is why Ghiberti won and why Brunelleschi turned to architecture.(Weston Riddle)



**East Doors of The Florence Cathedral Baptistry (1425-1452 CE)**
Located on the East side of Florence Cathedral's baptistry, these seventeen foot high doors stand mighty. The doors were the work of the well known Florentine artist Lorenzo Ghiberti. He is most known for his stunning defeat of the world-renowned sculptor Fillipo Brunelleschi in the contest to recieve a commission for the East baptistry doors. The first doors Ghiberti made for the East side were moved to the north side so that his second set of doors, the ones seen above, could be on the East end. The twelve panels are recreations of bible scenes sculpted as a gilded bronze relief. The doors also are known to have incredible balance and are relatively easy to open, though most people will never get the chance. In addition, the famed High Renaissance artist Michelangelo is noted to have coined the nickname for the doors that we still use today: The Gates of Paradise. (Zac Mulford)



Tribute Money (1427)
- Masaccio This scene displays a narrative in the book of Matthew in the Bible. There are 3 episodes within this one fresco. The first is the tax collector confronting Christ for a payment of the tax. Christ is the one wearing red and blue. Peter, in orange and blue, is kind of freaking out that they are asking Christ to pay the tax. Christ tells Peter it is okay which leads to the second scene where Peter was sent to the water's edge to retrieve a coin from a fish. The last scene detailed is of the payment of the tax. Christ and his twelve apostles are show with halos around their head. The lighting of the picture is coming from an outside source. This is called chiaroscuro. The vanishing point, where all the lines lead to, is Christ's head. All of the lines go towards him. One the most amazing aspects of this narrative is the use of perspective. As the distance gets further and further away, it becomes more hazy and grayish. (Allie Bailey)

This piece of art was a fresco created by the artist Fra Angelico, it portrays the angel Gabriel coming down to Mary. Underneath the piece there is an inscription that Angelico did himself. This is one of the pieces that Angelico is known for because of its directness and simplicity. For some reason there are columns appear to change from Corinthian to Doric as they go farther back with no real indication as to why he did that. The scenery is supposed to be a stereotypical Tuscan cypress which seems quiet and peaceful adding to the simplicity of the piece itself. Andrew Malinowski Descent from the Cross - Rogier van der Weyden (1435) This is a piece which is the depiction of the deposition scene of Jesus's crucifixion. This is one of the many scenes which is a reappearing scene, such as the annunciation, the crucifixion etc. This painting is oil on oak and has the symbolism of Jesus's body in the same position as Mary's body when she faints. This shows the Renaissance art which was directly grown from Medieval art of Illuminated Manuscripts, stained glass and tempera painting. (Wieber)
 * Fra Angelico - Annunciation**

//** David (Donatello) **// ( 1440's? ) This bronze statue of David was sculpted by Donatello. The depiction of Donatello's David differs greatly to the depiction of Michelangelo's David. In Donatello's piece, David stands nonchalant with the sling on his shoulder just after his battle with Goliath. David's very feminist body and flamboyant stance, was not well accepted by viewers during this era. Goliath's head, which is presented in between David's legs also cause much controversy within the town. The fact that Donatello was very much a homosexual gives us the reasoning for this very feminine depiction of David. ( Blake Denz )



Currently found at the Louvre Museum Pairs, France, this stunning and mysterious piece was created by the Renaissance master Leonardo Da Vinci. This artist literally mastered enumerable arts and sciences, pushing his generation to a new level of intelligence. Leonardo employs the use of chiaroscuro (subtle play of light and shadow), atmospheric perspective, and sfumato (haziness) to show expressions of this painting.This scene consists of a pyramidal grouping of Mary, the Christ Child, John the Baptist as a baby, and an angel. Some unique facts about this painting are the unified objects in a atmospheric setting and how all the figures are connected in interlacing hand gestures.
 * Virgin of the Rocks by Leonardo Da Vinci **
 * 1485 **
 * -Abby Fowler **



**ca. 1495-1498**
The Last Supper is located in the refectory of Santa Maria Delle Grazie in Milan, Italy. In this fresco Da Vinici depicts the twelve disciples just after he tells them that one of them will betray him. This painting was restored because of flaking that resulted from experimentation in materials. This restoration has caused debate because many people feel the painting is no longer the work of Da Vinci. This fresco was also damaged during the second world war when Nazis used dynamite to create a new entrance to the refectory for easier access. (Davis Phillips)



The Pietà sculpted by Michaelangelo in 1498–1499 is a subject in Christian art depicting the virgin mary cradling the dead body of jesus, most often found in sculpture. It is a form of the Lamenation of Christ.(Tylan Dodd)

Michelangelo's //David// was the pride and glory of the Florentines during the High Renaissance. Known as "The Giant," the white marble sculpture of David stands over fourteen feet tall. As seen by his chiastic balance, tense musculature, sling and rock ready in hand, and focused attention on an invisible presence, David is about to attack Goliath. This sculpture reveals the rebirth of interest in classical elements utilized by ancient Greeks and Romans.
 * David** ca. 1501-1504
 * (Jessica Rances)**

Mona Lisa ; Ca. 1503-1505 This painting was painted by Leonardo Da Vinci. The name Mona Lisa comes from the patron of the painting, Miss Lisa. The mysterious background that does not match up is a key characteristic of Da Vinci's artistic style. Many refer to her smile as the Mona Lisa smile, when in fact it is not a very pretty painting. This painting is located at the Lourve in Paris, France was the only painting ever stolen from the Lourve, and it was stolen by the owner of the museum. She has very manly characteristics and was the first portrait of its time to be 3/4 length. Marcela Algave

School of Athens Raphael 1509-1511 This painting by Raphael features a congregation of great philosophers and scientists of the ancient world. These people are conversing and explaining theories. In the background, there are statues of Athena and Apollo. Some of the great philosophers and scientists include Aristotle, Plato, Pythagoras, Zoroaster, and Heraclitus. Raphael also included himself in the painting. Each figure has its own personality and mood. The placement of the figures shows an elliptical movement. The vast hall features Roman architecture. Erin Golotko

This is a cartoon by Leonardo da Vinci. A cartoon is a preliminary drawing done to help an artist organize his/her thought, or a study for a painting. They can be made in a variety of mediums, but this one is in charcoal. (Jordan Brown)
 * Virgin and Child with Saint Anne and the Infant Saint John**
 * ca. 1505-1507**



The Temptest Giorgione da Castelfranco c. 1510 This painting is an oil on canvas painting that is 2'7" by 2'4 3/4". Castelfranco depicted a lush landscape that is threatened by ominous storm in the background. The figures in the painting are off to the sides. There is the young woman who is nursing her baby (right) and off to the other side (left) there is a man carrying a halberd. Both of these figures are in the foreground of the painting. X-rays of the canvas revealed that a nude woman actually stood where the man now stands. Most people believe that no narrative exists which is typical of Venetian poetic rendering, but others believe that there is a mythological narrative or historical event. (Emily Rice).

Creation Of Adam ( 1511-1512 ) The Creation of Adam was painted by Michelangelo for the Sistine Chapel ceiling. It depicts god wrapped in drapery in the form of a brain that symbolizes a humanistic trait. Life sparks into Adam as soon as the mighty finger of God touches him. His arm however, hangs over who is believed to be the Virgin Mary or Eve. His finger is supposedly touching baby Jesus. ( Cody Taflinger ) Michelangelo's Moses; ca. 1513-15-15 This depiction of Moses went into Julius the 2nd tomb. This sculpture depicted the Old Testament prophet Moses seated on the Tables of the Law. You can tell that this was Moses because of the horns on his head, why he has horns was because of a old transulation mistake, but when they found the mistake they didn't change the way they depicted Moses because that became one of the signs to show it was him because many artist made him look like the Greek god Posidon. Here Michelangelo used a turned head that concentrates the expression of awful wrath that stirs in the mighty fram and eyes. This scuplture depicts not just emotional but also physical energy. ( **Tori Fischer)** Baldassre Castiglione Raphael 1514 (High Renaissance) This is new portraiture post Mona Lisa by Raphael. The subject is the author of a handbook on High Renaissance criteria for genteel behavior. The subject is displayed in a half length and 3 quarter view. He looks directly at viewers with a grave benign expression. The background is neutral and the muted low key tones befit temper and mood of the middle age man. The medium used was oil on wood transferred to canvas. Erin Ginn

Assumption of the Virgin Titian This remarkable painting by Titian was created for the main altar of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari in Venice. The painting depicts the glorious ascent of the Virgin's body to heaven, while God the Father appears above, awaiting her with open arms. Titian was known for painting in very vibrant colors. The clouds are so golden and luminous they seem to glow. Titian's remarkable coloristic sense and ability to convey light through color emerge in this major altarpiece. (Tara Lassi)

"Madonna in the Meadow" by Raphael, 1506 Mary wears red and blue, which are symbolic colors of Jesus. She is holding Jesus as John the Baptist (his cousin) kneels in reverence to him. This painting is supposed to be a resemblance of Da Vinci's "Madonna on the Rocks" but Raphael's use of lighter colors and a more cheery background make this painting the favorite among the two. Mary is also shown in a contrapposto pose. (Ciana Miller)

The Feast of Gods Giovanni Bellini and Titian 1529 Commissioned by the Duke of Ferrara, this oil painting highlights Venetian Renaissance art with the vibrant, rich colors. Another Venetian element of this piece is the trees. Since Venice is surrounded by water, artists would paint pastoral scenes with a lot of trees not native to Venice.The painting is also Arcadian with means the scene would be and ideal place of peace and symphony if it was real. This painting shows the gods eating with the mortal women, having a picnic in the countryside. Peyton Fowler

Venus of Urbino 1538 Titian This painting was painted for Guidobaldo the Second, duke of Urbino. The lady reclines on the slope of her pillowed couch. The draperies create a linear play that contrast with her body's volume. Titian constructed the view backward into space and the division of the space into progressively smaller units .The different reds used inthe painting contrast against the pale neutral whites in the painting. Allison Abernathy

Baldassare Castiglione Raphael ca. 1514 Baldassare Castiglione was a sholar and courtier who sorrrounded Pope Leo X and was a friend of Raphael. In this portrait, he looks directly at the viewers with a thoughtful expression. It was painted on oil on wood and later transferred to canvas. You can only see half of Baldassare's body and his clothing indicate that it is winter. You can compare this painting to Leonardo's Mona Lisa. (Nicole Swisher)

Michelangelo- Last Judgement ca.1534-1541 Sistine Chapel, in Vatican City, Rome. This beautiful mural was painted after the roof on the altar wall, with angels and demons on one side, and Jesus in the middle. It is a fresco and once it started to chip, the church started to try to preserve it. While trying to preserve it, it left a nasty brown color on the painting, so they decided to restore it to how it looked before. But instead of the church paying for it a Japanese tv station payed for it, and now owns the mural. (CayLeigh Wade)

(~1546) This painting is from the later renaissance period and follows the mannerist style. There is quite a bit going on in the painting and each element has deep symbolism. The main theme is love and the corruption and the different aspects of it. The bald man in the background is primarily thought to be "Father Time" who represents that love is always on a clock. The man with half his head missing is said to be "Oblivion". The screaming woman represents jealousy, and the girl holding the honeycomb with the snake body represents pleasure and fraud. The dove in the bottom left represents peace and the masks represent deceit. (Jonathan McKay)
 * Venus, Cupid, Folly, and Time**